read-word-关系词

并列

with

单词	翻译	例句
together with	与…一起	She went to the park together with her friends.（她与她的朋友一起去公园。）
coupled with	连同，加上	The bad weather, coupled with the traffic, made me late.（糟糕的天气和交通，使我迟到了。）
integrate with /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt/	与…整合，融合	The new software can integrate with existing programs.（新软件可以与现有程序整合。）
combined with /kəmˈbaɪnd/	与…结合，联合	Her talent, combined with her hard work, led to her success.（她的才华加上她的努力，导致了她的成功。）

和…一样

单词	翻译	例句
原级比较的单词	跳转
so do	也是如此	I like ice cream, and so do my children.（我喜欢冰淇淋，我的孩子也喜欢。）
so did	也曾如此	I studied French in college, and so did my grandfather.（我在大学学习了法语，我的祖父也学过。）
as do	正如…一样	Our company values teamwork, as do many successful businesses.（我们公司重视团队合作，许多成功的企业也是如此。）
as did	就像…一样曾	He worked hard to achieve his goals, as did his father before him.（他为实现自己的目标而努力工作，他的父亲也是如此。）

和

单词	造句	翻译
and	My sister likes to dance and sing	我妹妹喜欢跳舞和唱歌。
or	Would you like pizza or pasta for dinner?	你想要比萨还是意面作为晚餐?
as well as	The hotel has a swimming pool as well as a gym.	这个酒店不仅有游泳池还有健身房。
as	She works as a lawyer.	她当律师工作。
both…and	He is both intelligent and hardworking.	他既聪明又勤奋。
on the one hand…on the other hand	On the one hand. I want to go to the party, but on the other hand. i have a lot of work to do.	一方面，我想去参加聚会，但另一方面【强调两方面矛盾】我有很多工作要做。
neither…nor	Neither the restaurant nor the store was open on Sunday.	餐厅和商店星期天都不【前后两者均否定】开门。

也

单词	例句	翻译
also	I enjoy hiking, and I also like rock climbing.	我喜欢徒步旅行，同时也喜欢攀岩。
too	My sister likes pizza, and I do too.	我妹妹喜欢比萨饼，我也喜欢。
either…or…	You can either go to the movies or stay home tonight.	你今晚可以去看电影或者【只选其一】呆在家里。
equally	Both candidates are equally qualified for the job.	两位候选人都同样有资格获得这份工作。

除此之外(表附加/补充)

单词	例句	翻译
additionally	I have completed the report, and additionally, I have prepared a presentation.	我已经完成了报告，并且此外，我还准备了一个演示文稿。 备注:后面+附加的内容。拼写：add+ition+ally
In addition	In addition to the regular menu, there are daily specials.	除了常规菜单外，还有每日特色菜。
besides	Besides English, she also speaks French and Spanish.	除了英语，她还会说法语和西班牙语。
even	Even small amounts of exercise can improve your health.	即使是少量的运动也能改善你的健康状况。
furthermore	The company is expanding its operations. Furthermore, it is investing in research and development.	公司正在扩大其业务，此外它还在研发方面投资。 备注:后面+附加的内容 ； 拼写：further+more 区分： in the future, further
just as	Just as I was about to leave, the phone rang.	正当我准备离开时，电话响了。
moreover	The book is not only informative but also engaging. Moreover, the author’s writing style is very compelling.	这本书不仅内容丰富，而且引人入胜。此外，作者的写作风格非常有说服力。备注:后面+附加的内容； 拼写：more+over
not only… but also…	The hotel has not only a swimming pool but also a gym.	这家酒店不仅有游泳池，而且还有健身房。
what’s more	The price of the product is reasonable, and what’s more, it comes with a one-year warranty.	这种产品的价格合理，而且更重要的是，它还配有一年的保修。 备注:后面+附加的内容 ； 拼写：what’s + more
except for	I like all kinds of fruit except for grapefruit.	我喜欢各种水果，【除了】西柚。 备注：前后表示意愿相反
other than	I don’t have any plans for the weekend other than going to the beach.	【除了】去海滩我周末没有其他计划。 备注：前后表示意愿相反

因果

因为（原因/由于/来源）

单词	例句	翻译
because	I stayed at home because I was sick.	我生病了，所以我呆在家里。 备注：because + 从句
because of	The match was cancelled because of the rain.	比赛因为下雨被取消了。 备注：because of + 短语
since	I haven’t seen him since last week.	我上次见他已经有一周了。
since	Since he broke his leg, he has been unable to play soccer	自从他断了腿后，他就不能踢足球了。
as	As you can see, the project is going well.	你可以看到，这个项目进展顺利。
for	She likes to listen to music for relaxation.	她喜欢听音乐来放松。
result from	The delay resulted from a problem with the equipment.	延迟是由设备故障导致的。 备注：结果从【原因】中来。短语拼接：from + 原因
as a result of	The road was closed as a result of the accident.	由于事故，这条路被关闭了。 备注：作为一个【原因】的结果。短语拼接：of + 原因
owing to	The event was cancelled owing to lack of interest.	活动因缺乏兴趣而取消了。
due to	The train was delayed due to technical difficulties.	列车因技术故障而晚点。
stem from	Many of his personal problems stem from his childhood.	他许多个人问题源自于他的童年。备注：来源 stem 英 /stem/ n 根茎
derives	The word “chocolate” derives from the Aztec word “xocolatl”.	“巧克力”一词源自于阿兹特克语“xocolatl”。备注：来源
according to	According to the weather forecast, it will rain tonight.	根据天气预报，今晚会下雨。
on account of	The event was cancelled on account of bad weather.	活动因天气原因被取消了。
in that	He was the best candidate for the job in that he had the most experience.	他是最适合这份工作的候选人，因为他有最丰富的经验。

"since" 通常用于表示时间或原因。
作为原因时，"since" 可以表示 “自从…以来”，"because" 的意思也可以包含在内。例如：

Since he broke his leg, he has been unable to play soccer.
（自从他断了腿后，他就不能踢足球了。）
Since she is busy, she won't be able to come to the party.
（因为她很忙，所以她不能来参加聚会。）
I haven't seen her since she moved to New York.
（自从她搬到纽约后，我就没见过她了。）
因此，在某些语境中，“since”可以表示因果关系，类似于“because”。

目的（为了）

单词	例句	翻译
in order to	I woke up early in order to catch the first train.	我为了赶上第一班火车而早起。
aim to	We aim to complete the project by the end of the month.	我们的目标是在本月底完成这个项目。
go	I go to the gym three times a week.	我每周【去】健身房三次。
purpose	The purpose of the meeting is to discuss the new marketing strategy.	会议的目的是讨论新的市场营销策略。
to do	She went to the store to buy some groceries.	她去商店买一些杂货。
for doing	She received a medal for finishing the marathon.	她因完成马拉松而获得了奖牌。

"go" 本身并没有表示“目的”或“为了”的含义，它的基本含义是“去”或“行进”，常常用于表示行动、移动或变化的过程。
但在特定语境中，"go" 可以表示一定的目的或意图，
如“go to the store (去商店)”中的 "to the store" 就表示了前往商店的目的。
在这种情况下，“go" 通常与动词不定式搭配使用，以表示一个动作的目的或意图。

所以(结果)

单词	例句	翻译
therefore	The road was closed; therefore, we had to find another route.	这条路被关闭了，因此我们不得不找另一条路线。拼写:注意结尾的fore。
so	It was raining, so we decided to stay indoors.	外面下着雨，所以我们决定呆在室内。
hence	The train was delayed; hence, I arrived late to the meeting.	列车晚点了，因此我迟到了会议。
thus	She failed the exam; thus, she won’t be able to graduate.	她考试不及格，因此她将无法毕业。
accordingly	The project is running behind schedule; accordingly, we need to adjust our timeline.	项目进度落后了，因此我们需要调整时间表。注意:区分 on account to根据+原因
leading to	The increase in sales is leading to the need for more employees.	销售增加导致需要更多的员工。
the result is that	The result is that we have to start all over again.	结果就是我们不得不重新开始。

让步转折

虽然（否定/排除，跟着的事情不会做。）

备注：前后两个事情的意愿相反。一好一坏，可以用来排除选项否定意思。
其次：虽然里面的描述事物A 和 但是中的描述事物B 一般代表两个不同的事物，【虽然】里面的描述事物A是好事，那么可以排除事物A是坏事的选项。推断【但是】里面描述事物B是坏事，那么可以排除事物B是好事的选项

单词	英文造句	造句的翻译
though	Though I was tired, I still managed to finish the marathon.	虽然我很累，但我还是坚持跑完了马拉松。
although	Although the weather was cold, he still wore a short-sleeved shirt.	虽然天气很冷，他仍然穿着短袖衬衫。
even though	Even though it was raining, she still went for a walk.	即使下雨了，她仍然去散步。
even if	I will go to the party even if I am tired.	即使我很累，我还是会去参加派对。
	Even if it takes all night, I will finish this project.	即使需要通宵达旦，我也会完成这个项目。
notwithstanding	Notwithstanding his busy schedule, he always finds time to exercise.	尽管他的日程很忙，他总能找到时间锻炼。拼写:not+with+standing
instead	I don’t want to go to the party. Instead, I’ll stay home and read.	我不想去参加聚会。相反，【会做】我会呆在家里看书。
instead of	He chose to have tea instead of coffee.	他选择喝茶，而不是【不会做】咖啡。
result	The result of the experiment was inconclusive.	实验的结果没有得出明确结论。
while	I read a book while I waited for the train.	我在等火车的时候读了一本书。
	While I like the idea, I don’t think it’s practical.	虽然我喜欢这个想法，但我觉得不实际。
despite	Despite his fear of heights, he went bungee jumping.	尽管他害怕高空，他还是去了蹦极。备注 despite + 从句
despite of	Despite of the heavy rain, the game went ahead as planned.	尽管下着大雨，比赛还是按计划进行。备注：despite of + 短语
in spite of	In spite of the traffic, I arrived on time.	尽管堵车，我还是按时到达了。
otherwise	You need to submit your application by Friday. Otherwise, it will not be considered.	你需要在周五之前提交申请，否则将不予考虑。

"Instead" 和 "instead of" 都是表示替代或代替的意思，但它们的用法和搭配略有不同。

"Instead" 是一个副词，用来代替或替换前面提到的事物，通常位于句子中间或结尾。
例如：

I don't want to go to the party. Instead, I'll stay home and read.
Instead of going to the party, I'll stay home and read.
"Instead of" 是一个介词短语，后面要接名词、代词或动名词，用来表达代替或替换的意思。
例如：

Instead of pizza, let's have sushi for dinner.
He decided to buy a bike instead of taking the bus.
总之，"instead" 和 "instead of" 都有替代的意思，但"instead of" 更强调替代的对象，需要接名词、代词或动名词。

但是(重要转折/意图/答案)

单词	英文造句	造句的翻译
but	I wanted to go to the beach, but it was too cold.	我想去海滩，但天气太冷了。
yet	I haven’t finished the book yet.	我还没有读完这本书。
	He studied very hard for the exam, yet he still failed.	他为这次考试努力学习了，但是还是没通过。
however	I like the house. However, it is too expensive.	我喜欢这所房子。然而，它太贵了。拼写how+ever
whereas	She enjoys dancing, whereas I prefer singing.	她喜欢跳舞，而我更喜欢唱歌。 发音 英 /ˌweərˈæz/
nonetheless	The weather was terrible. Nonetheless, we went out for a walk.	天气很糟糕。尽管如此，我们还是出去散步了。 拼写none+the+less
nevertheless	He was very busy. Nevertheless, he managed to finish the project on time.	他非常忙。尽管如此，他还是在时间内完成了项目。拼写never+the+less
instead	I don’t want to go to the party. Instead, I’ll stay home and read.	我不想去参加聚会。相反【会做】，我会呆在家里看书。
instead of	He chose to have tea instead of coffee.	他选择喝茶，而不是【不会做】咖啡。

比较关系

比较级

单词	英文造句	造句的翻译
more than	I have more than enough money to pay for the trip.	我有足够的钱支付这次旅行。
less than	It will take less than an hour to finish this task.	完成这项任务需要不到一小时。
higher	The temperature is higher today than it was yesterday.	今天的温度比昨天高。
better	I think this is a better option than the other one.	我认为这是一个比其他选项更好的选择。
more beautiful	The flowers in the garden are more beautiful than the ones in the park.	花园里的花比公园里的花更漂亮。
less beautiful	The painting is less beautiful than I expected.	这幅画比我预期的要不那么美。

最高级

单词	英文造句	造句的翻译
highest	Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.	珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰。
best	This is the best pizza I’ve ever had.	这是我吃过的最好的披萨。
most beautiful	The Grand Canyon is one of the most beautiful natural wonders in the world.	大峡谷是世界上最美丽的自然奇观之一。
least beautiful	Out of all the paintings in the exhibit, this one is the least beautiful.	在所有展出的画作中，这幅画是最不美丽的。

原级比较

单词	英文造句	造句的翻译
as much as	I love chocolate as much as you do.	我和你一样喜欢巧克力。
the same as	My new car is the same as my brother’s.（我的新车和我兄弟的一样。）
same	John and his brother have the same car.	约翰和他的兄弟有同一辆车。
similar	The two paintings are similar in style.	这两幅画的风格相似。
like	She looks like her mother.	她长得像她的母亲。
as	He sings as beautifully as a bird.	他唱歌像鸟儿一样动听。
resemble	The statue resembles the famous actor.	这个雕像与著名演员相似。

方向词比较

单词	英文造句	造句的翻译
increase	The price of milk increased.	牛奶的价格上涨了。
decrease	The temperature decreased.	温度下降了。

更喜欢

单词	英文造句	造句的翻译
prefer	I prefer to drink tea instead of coffee.	我喜欢喝茶而不是咖啡。
	I prefer coffee to tea in the morning.	我早上喜欢喝咖啡胜过茶。

通常情况下，prefer后面跟的是to和动词的不定式形式（例如：to drink tea），而不是直接跟动词。
不过在口语中，有时候可以省略to，例如：“I prefer tea”（我更喜欢茶）。

否定关系-不是 而是

不是（否定/排除，跟着的事情不会做。）

否定词

单词	英文造句	翻译
no	No, I can’t go with you.	不，我不能和你一起去。
not	I’m not hungry.	我不饿。
neither	Neither of us can drive.	我们俩都不会【前后两者均否定】开车。备注:neigher…nor 和分开的neigher nor都表示两者都不。本身neigher和nor就含有not。
nor	I don’t like coffee, nor do I like tea.	我不喜欢咖啡，也不【前后两者均否定】喜欢茶。

否定缩写

shouldn’t
can’t

否定副词

单词	英文造句	翻译
never	I have never been to Japan.	我从未去过日本。
little	She has little patience.	她没有耐心。
few	There are few people here.	这里人很少。
hardly	I can hardly hear you.	我几乎听不见你。
rarely	He rarely watches TV.	他很少看电视。
seldom	I seldom go to the movies.	我很少去看电影。

否定词组

单词	英文造句	翻译
rather than	I prefer tea rather than coffee.	我喜欢茶胜于咖啡。
instead of	I drink water instead of soda.	我喝水而不是苏打水。
no longer	I no longer work there.	我不再在那里工作了。

`rather than`在`prefer`中 等同于 `instead of`、`to`

否定前缀

dis-，im- ，in- ，ir-，il，un-，non-，mis-，dis-，de-，counter-，anti-

单词	英文造句	翻译
dislike	I dislike spicy food.	我不喜欢辣的食物。
indispensable	Good health is indispensable to happiness.	健康对幸福至关重要。
independent	I want to be independent and self-reliant.	我想要独立和自力更生。
impractical	That’s an impractical idea.	那是一个不切实际的想法。
illegal	It’s illegal to smoke in public places.	在公共场所吸烟是非法的。
irresponsible	It’s irresponsible to leave young children alone at home.	把年幼的孩子独自留在家里是不负责任的。
unemployment	The government needs to address the issue of unemployment.	政府需要解决失业问题。
undoubted	He is an undoubted genius.	他是一个毫无疑问的天才。
nonessential	These are nonessential items.	这些是不必要的物品。
mistake	I made a mistake on the test.	我在考试中犯了一个错误。
demotivate	Negative comments can demotivate people.	负面评论会使人失去动力。
detach	He detached himself from the group.	他与这个团队保持距离。
counterproductive	The new rules are counterproductive.	新规则是适得其反的。
antibiotic	Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections.	抗生素被用来治疗细菌感染。
antiwar	He is an antiwar activist.	他是一个反战活动家。

否定后缀 -less

单词	英文造句	翻译
homeless	The city needs to address the issue of homeless people.	城市需要解决无家可归者的问题。

有否定含义的单词

单词	英文造句	翻译
reject	I had to reject his offer.	我不得不拒绝他的提议。
restrict	The government will restrict access to the area.	政府将限制进入该区域。
limit	There is a limit to what we can do.	我们能做的有限。
far from	His performance was far from satisfactory.	他的表现远非令人满意。
lack	I lack the skills to complete the task.	我缺乏完成任务所需的技能。
hardly	I can hardly hear you.	我几乎听不到你说话。
against	I am against the idea.	我反对这个想法。

表示否定的一系列动词

中文翻译	英文单词	造句	造句翻译
禁止	forbid	The sign forbids smoking here.	这个标志禁止在此吸烟。
停止	stop	She stopped playing tennis due to an injury.	她因受伤停止打网球。
失败	fail	He failed the exam for the third time.	他第三次考试失败了。
忽视	overlook	I overlooked the small print at the bottom of the contract.	我忽略了合同底部的小字。
低估	underestimate	She underestimated his ability to complete the task on time.	她低估了他按时完成任务的能力。

表示不被允许/暂不考虑

中文翻译	英文单词	造句	造句翻译
不被允许	out of bounds	You are out of bounds. This area is restricted.	你不被允许进入。这个区域是受限制的。
暂不考虑	put it aside	Let’s put this project aside for now.	现在让我们暂时搁置这个项目。

表示之前 以为，有否定的言外之意

我之前以为/觉得/相信，说明事实情况往往并非如此。
I thought I would have trouble doing sth

eg：
I thought I would have trouble you were a girl
我以前一直以为你是一个女孩子。(事实上，你是一个男孩子)

eg2：I thought I would have trouble recruiting help.
我想我在招募帮助人员时会遇到困难。(事实上，没有遇到困难)

而是 =但是(重要转折/意图/答案)

但是(重要转折/意图/答案)